Exploration of natural enemies in environmentally friendly rice cultivation in Carawali Village, Sidenreng Rappang Regency
Abstract
Abstract This study aims to explore the presence of natural enemies in environmentally friendly rice (Oryza sativa L.) plantations in Carawali Village, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. This study used two sampling methods, namely absolute and relative methods, to identify the types of predators and parasitoids that play a role in natural pest control. Four types of natural enemies found include ladybugs (Epilachina), Paiderus (Paiderus sp.), spiders (Araneus diadematus), and dragonflies (Libellago Lineata), which have an important role in maintaining the balance of agricultural ecosystems. The results of observations showed that spiders were the dominant predators with a total of 34 individuals, followed by dragonflies with 14 individuals, ladybugs with 12 individuals, and Paiderus with 8 individuals. These quantitative data were analyzed using the Shannon diversity index to determine the level of species diversity and the Simpson index to measure species dominance. Based on the results of the analysis, the diversity of natural enemies in rice plantations at the research location was included in the moderate category, indicating relatively good ecosystem stability. This research provides an important contribution to environmentally friendly biological control-based pest management, which is expected to support sustainable agriculture and reduce dependence on chemical pesticides.
Keywords: Diversity, natural enemies, biological control, rice cultivation.
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