Design and Implementation of a Real-Time Monitoring and Early Warning System for Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) Gas in the Tapping Operation Furnace Area of the Nickel Processing Industry
Abstract
Sulfur dioksida (SO₂) merupakan salah satu polutan udara berbahaya yang dihasilkan dari proses pembakaran bahan bakar fosil dan aktivitas peleburan logam. Paparan SO₂ secara terus-menerus dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan bagi pekerja industri, sehingga diperlukan sistem monitoring yang mampu mendeteksi konsentrasi gas secara real-time sebagai bagian dari penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem monitoring gas sulfur dioksida berbasis sensor MQ-136 dan mikrokontroler Arduino Uno pada area Tapping Furnace di industri pengolahan nikel. Sistem yang dikembangkan terdiri atas sensor MQ-136, Arduino Uno, LED Matrix P10 sebagai media informasi, warning light sebagai sistem peringatan dini, dan modul relay sebagai pengendali keluaran. Kalibrasi sensor dilakukan menggunakan Gas Detector DZ-10 sebagai alat referensi melalui lima kali pengujian. Hasil kalibrasi menunjukkan bahwa sensor MQ-136 memiliki tingkat kesalahan yang rendah sehingga layak digunakan untuk pemantauan konsentrasi SO₂. Pengujian lapangan dilakukan pada area Tapping Furnace 10 lantai 3 selama proses tapping berlangsung. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi SO₂ meningkat dari 0,8 ppm sebelum tapping menjadi 129 ppm pada menit ke-45 proses tapping. Sistem peringatan dini mulai aktif pada konsentrasi 9,2 ppm pada menit ke-10 dan terus menyala selama kondisi waspada dan bahaya. Setelah proses tapping selesai, konsentrasi SO₂ menurun secara bertahap namun masih berada pada kategori waspada hingga 15 menit setelah proses berakhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang dikembangkan mampu melakukan monitoring konsentrasi SO₂ secara real-time dan memberikan peringatan dini secara efektif, sehingga berpotensi meningkatkan keselamatan kerja pada industri pengolahan nikel.
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