Analisis Produktivitas Pemanen Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Model Data Panel: Peran Usia, Asal Daerah, dan Masa Kerja di PT. Karunia Kencana Permaisejati – Kalimantan Tengah

  • Agus Riyanto Magister Agribisnis, Pasca Sarjana, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia
  • Irene Wijayanti Master of Agribusiness, Graduate Program, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35724/mujagri.v8i2.7270
Keywords: harvester productivity, oil palm, panel data, age, length of service, regional origin

Abstract

Harvester productivity is a crucial factor in supporting the operational performance of oil palm plantations. This study aims to analyze the effects of age, length of service, and regional origin on fresh fruit bunch (FFB) productivity per harvester using a panel data regression approach. The study was conducted as a case study at PT Karunia Kencana Permaisejati using monthly productivity data from December 2024 to November 2025. The dataset comprises 118 harvesters observed over a 12-month period after data cleaning by excluding zero productivity values. FFB productivity per harvester (tons/month) was used as the dependent variable, while age, length of service, and region of origin (Central Java, East Java, and East Nusa Tenggara) were used as independent variables. The results indicate significant variations in productivity across individuals and time periods. Age shows a positive but limited effect on productivity, whereas length of service has a positive and significant influence, highlighting the important role of work experience in improving harvesting performance. In addition, regional origin contributes to differences in productivity within the context of the study, with harvesters from East Java and East Nusa Tenggara exhibiting higher average productivity compared to those from Central Java. These findings emphasize the importance of human resource management strategies based on individual characteristics to support sustainable improvements in harvesting productivity.

References

Anggraheni, N. D., Widyantari, I. N., & Untari, U. (2021). Hubungan penyuluhan pertanian terhadap peningkatan produksi petani padi (Kampung Marga Mulya, Distrik Semangga) Kabupaten Merauke. Musamus Journal of Agribusiness, 4(1), 7–20. https://doi.org/10.35724/mujagri.v4i01.4181

Ardana, I. K., & Kariyasa, K. (2017). Pengaruh inovasi teknologi dan penggunaan input terhadap produktivitas kelapa sawit di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri, 22(3), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.21082/jpti.v22n3.2017.125-134

Arifuddin, S., Untari, U., & Widyantari, I. N. (2020). Analisis efisiensi saluran pemasaran beras. Musamus Journal of Agribusiness, 2(2), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.35724/mujagri.v2i2.2983

Astaurina, N. T., Ikhsan, M., & Djai, M. Y. (2024). Keadaan sosial ekonomi dan tingkat kesejahteraan petani padi orang asli Papua di Kampung Khalaoyam, Distrik Ngguti, Kabupaten Merauke, Papua Selatan. Musamus Journal of Agribusiness, 7(1), 28–41. https://doi.org/10.35724/mujagri.v7i1.5944

Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric analysis of panel data (3rd ed.). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

Basiron, Y. (2017). Palm oil production through sustainable plantations. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 119(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201600123

Corley, R. H. V., & Tinker, P. B. (2016). The oil palm (5th ed.). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

Fairhurst, T., & Griffiths, W. (2014). Oil palm: Best management practices for yield intensification. Kuala Lumpur: Tropical Crop Consultants.

Harahap, R. H., & Lubis, A. U. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produktivitas tenaga kerja perkebunan kelapa sawit. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 9(2), 85–96.

Ismail, A., & Abd Rahman, N. (2016). Labour productivity in Malaysian oil palm plantations. International Journal of Agricultural Management, 5(2), 45–52.

Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. (2023). Statistik perkebunan kelapa sawit Indonesia 2022–2024. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan.

Kurniawan, D., Yulianto, A., & Arafah, N. (2025). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan produksi padi sawah di Kampung Telaga Sari Distrik Kurik Kabupaten Merauke. Musamus Journal of Agribusiness, 7(2), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.35724/mujagri.v7i2.6686

Lubis, A. U., & Widanarko, B. (2020). Pengaruh usia dan masa kerja terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja sektor pertanian. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 15(1), 1–10.

Nasution, Z., & Siregar, H. (2019). Efisiensi dan produktivitas tenaga kerja perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat. Jurnal Agribisnis Terpadu, 12(2), 101–112.

Putri, D. D., Banani, A., & Falatehan, A. F. (2021). Analisis produktivitas tenaga kerja sektor pertanian di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis, 5(3), 689–701. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2021.005.03.10

Sipayung, T. (2016). Perkebunan kelapa sawit Indonesia dalam perspektif pembangunan berkelanjutan. Jakarta: IPB Press.

Siregar, H., & Mardiana, E. (2020). Determinan produktivitas tenaga kerja perkebunan kelapa sawit. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 17(2), 134–145.

Susanti, E., & Darwanto, D. H. (2018). Pengaruh karakteristik tenaga kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja di sektor pertanian. Agriekonomika, 7(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21107/agriekonomika.v7i1.3520

Wijayanti, A. W., Widyantari, I. N., & Medo, A. N. A. (2022). Analisis efisiensi saluran distribusi madu hutan di Distrik Edera Kabupaten Mappi Provinsi Papua. Musamus Journal of Agribusiness, 5(1), 14–22. https://doi.org/10.35724/mujagri.v5i01.4966

Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Published
2026-01-30
How to Cite
Riyanto, A., & Wijayanti, I. K. E. (2026). Analisis Produktivitas Pemanen Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Model Data Panel: Peran Usia, Asal Daerah, dan Masa Kerja di PT. Karunia Kencana Permaisejati – Kalimantan Tengah. Musamus Journal of Agribusiness, 8(2), 108-123. https://doi.org/10.35724/mujagri.v8i2.7270
Issue
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Musamus Journal of Agribusiness
Section
Articles

Copyright (c) 2026 Agus Riyanto, Irene Kartika Eka Wijayanti

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The authors who publish in Musamus Journal of Agribusiness agree to the following terms:

  • Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. 
  • This journal provides immediate open access to its content. All the articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
  • Authors grant the journal the following rights: (1) first publication and distribution of the article, (2) making it available to the public, and (3) public presentation.
  • Authors have the right to enter into separate contractual arrangements for posting the article to an institutional repository or publishing it in a book with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are permitted to post citations from their work online (e.g., on their website) with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal