The Epidemiology of Leaf Rust Disease (Puccinia sp.) in The Vegetative Growth Phase of Maize in Kampar Regency
Abstract
Leaf rust is a major foliar disease of maize that can substantially reduce crop productivity. This study was conducted to identify the predominant disease and to evaluate the progression of leaf rust disease intensity in maize during the early vegetative stage. Field observations were carried out in maize-growing areas of Kampar Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia, in November 2025. The research employed a field survey approach using four observation plots, each consisting of 100 sampled plants. Disease intensity was assessed weekly for four consecutive weeks at 2–5 weeks after planting (WAP) using a scoring-based method. The results indicated that the dominant disease observed was leaf rust caused by Puccinia sorghi. Disease intensity increased progressively with plant age, reaching 12.3% at 2 WAP, 29.75% at 3 WAP, 43.25% at 4 WAP, and 48% at 5 WAP. The disease development pattern followed an epidemic curve resembling the Gompertz model, characterized by a rapid increase during the mid-vegetative phase. These findings demonstrate that the early vegetative stage represents a critical period for leaf rust development, highlighting the importance of implementing timely disease management strategies.
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