The Effect of Temperature Variation in the Modified Atmosphere Storage (MAS) System on the Quality of Fresh Tomato Fruit During the Storage Process
Abstract
Tomato is one horticultural commodity with high economic value and has the potential to be exported. Domestic and international market demands for tomatoes are increasing along with the increased consumption of tomatoes in various countries. Tomatoes need serious handling, especially in improving yield, quality, and postharvest. This study aims to design and make tools to control the temperature and modified the gas composition inside the closed room (Modified Atmosphere Storage), to do mathematical and statistical studies regarding the effect of gas composition and temperature on quality change of tomato, and to determine the best treatment combination between the oxygen concentration and temperature for tomato storage. This research is done with the analysis of respiration rate, and quality such as water content, fruit diameter, and fruit color (L*, a*, b*). The Modified Atmosphere Storage tool could be made to change the gas composition inside the storage room with drain the nitrogen gas to reduce the oxygen concentration. Quality parameters such as water content, diameter, and color L*, a*, b* indicate that storage at low temperatures (10–15°C) and low oxygen concentrations tends to maintain fruit quality better than storage at room temperature. However, temperatures that are too low also have the potential to cause physiological damage such as chilling injury. In addition, it can also be concluded that the best treatment combination is a combination of 10% oxygen concentration and 150C temperature. Based on the results of statistical analysis, the combination of oxygen concentration variations and temperature variations of the MAS tool significantly affected the parameters of the respiration rate RO2 and L* color.
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