Effect of Watering Intervals and Chicken Manure Rates on the Growth and Yield of Waxy Corn (Zea mays L. var. ceratina)
Abstract
Limited water availability and suboptimal waxy corn yields remain challenges in crop production. This study investigated the growth and yield responses of waxy corn (Zea mays L. var. ceratina) to different watering intervals and chicken manure application rates, with the aim of identifying the treatment combination that provided the most favorable results. The experiment was conducted from December 2025 to February 2026 at a dryland experimental field in Kesamiran Village, Tarub District, Tegal Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. A factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was employed, consisting of two factors with three replications. The watering intervals were once every 1, 2, and 3 days, while chicken manure was applied at rates of 0, 15, and 30 t ha⁻¹. The experimental data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level to evaluate the effects of the treatments on the observed parameters. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% significance level was subsequently performed when significant treatment effects were detected. The results revealed an interaction between watering intervals and chicken manure application rates on ear weight with husks and ear weight without husks. The combination of daily watering and chicken manure application at 30 t ha⁻¹ (i₀p₂) produced the highest ear weights, reaching 211.87 g with husks and 183.00 g without husks. In addition to these interaction effects, watering intervals and chicken manure application rates independently affected several plant growth and yield parameters.
References
Agbede, T. M. (2025). Poultry manure improves soil properties and grain mineral composition, maize productivity and economic profitability. Scientific Reports 2025 15:1, 15(1), 16501-. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00394-8
Ahmadiyana, P., Lele, O. K., & Martini, D. K. T. (2024). Respond Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays) Terhadap Cekaman Air. Seminar Nasional Kontribusi Vokasi, 1(1), 48–52.
Aldyan, R. A. (2023). The impact of climate change on water resources and food security in Indonesia. Journal of Law, Environmental and Justice, 1(1), 50–63.
Aytenew, M., & Bore, G. (2020). Effects of organic amendments on soil fertility and environmental quality: A review. Plant Sci, 8(5), 112–119.
Ciptaningtyas, D. S., Indradewa, D., & Tohari, T. (2012). Pengaruh interval penyiraman terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil empat kultivar jagung (Zea mays L.). Vegetalika, 1(4), 11–17.
Dolsenyawi, F., Polnaya, F., & Lawalata, I. J. (2026). Respon Pemberian Pupuk Phonska Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays Saccharata Sturt). MARSEGU : Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi, 2(10), 707–722. https://doi.org/10.69840/MARSEGU/2.10.2026.707-722
Dona, R. (2024). Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Bayam Brazil (Aternanthera Sissoo) Akibat Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Ayam Dengan Kontrol Air Oleh Arduino Uno.
Efendi, R., & Azrai, M. (2010). Identifikasi karakter toleransi cekaman kekeringan berdasarkan respons pertumbuhan dan hasil genotipe jagung. Widyariset, 13(3), 41–50.
Kartikasari, R. D., Lukiwati, D. R., & Widjajanto, D. W. (2022). Pertumbuhan dan produksi jagung pulut (Zea mays ceratina) dengan pemupukan anorganik dan pupuk kandang diperkaya N-organik dan P-alam. AGROTEK: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pertanian, 6(1), 30–38.
Mapegau, M., Setyaji, H., Hayati, I., & Ayuningtiyas, S. P. (2022). Efek Residu Biochar Sekam Padi Dan Pupuk Kandang Ayam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.). Biospecies, 15(1), 49–55. https://doi.org/10.22437/biospecies.v15i1.17121
Marlina, M., Amir, N., Syafrullah, S., & Siswono, H. (2021a). Uji Pupuk Organik Kotoran Ayam Pada Tanaman Jagung Hibrida (Zea mays L.) DI LAHAN PASANG SURUT. Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 16(1), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.32502/JK.V16I1.4042
Marlina, M., Amir, N., Syafrullah, S., & Siswono, H. (2021b). Uji pupuk organik kotoran ayam pada tanaman jagung hibrida (Zea mays L.) di lahan pasang surut. Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 16(1), 22–26.
Maulidan, K., & Putra, B. K. (2024). Pentingnya unsur hara fosfor untuk pertumbuhan tanaman padi. Journal of Biopesticides and Agriculture Technology, 1(2), 47–54. https://doi.org/10.61511/JBIOGRITECH.V1I2.2024.1163
Mutia, Y. D., Rizki, R., Rasdanelwati, R., Darlis, O., & Haryoko, W. (2025). Optimasi Konsentrasi Nutrisi Terhadap Karakter Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Dan Akumulasi Biomassa Tanaman Mint (Mentha piperita L.) Pada Sistem Hidroponik Rakit Apung. Jurnal Sains Agro, 10(2), 279–289. https://doi.org/10.36355/JSA.V10I2.1928
Panataria, L. R., Saragih, M. K., Sitorus, E., & Susanti, R. (2025). Pengaruh Aplikasi Pupuk Urea dan Pupuk Kandang Ayam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.). JURNAL AGROPLASMA, 12(1), 356–366. https://doi.org/10.36987/AGROPLASMA.V12I1.7228
Pirhat, N. (2025). Analisis Respon Agronomis Jagung (Zea mays L.) terhadap Variasi Dosis Pupuk NPK pada Sistem Tumpangsari untuk Optimalisasi Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas. Jurnal Kridatama Sains Dan Teknologi, 7(02), 708–719. https://doi.org/10.53863/KST.V7I02.1839
Septiawan Zebua, C., Dohona, H., Zebua, A. D., Hia, A., Nezer, A., Halawa, P., Waruwu, B. C., Parida Zebua, H., Agroteknologi, ), Sains, F., & Teknologi, D. (2026). Pengaruh Kekurangan Air Terhadap Transportasi Hara Pada Tanaman Padi. Jurnal Ilmu Agroteknologi Indonesia, 2(1), 46–51. https://doi.org/10.70134/JIGRONA.V2I1.1312
Solin, E. K., Bahri, S., & Siregar, D. S. (2022). Pengaruh Pemberian Mikoriza Dan Interval Waktu Penyiraman Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Pada Tanah Cekaman Kekeringan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pertanian, 4(1), 63–78.
Tobias, H. A., Killa, Y. M., & Lewu, L. D. (2023). Pengaruh Interval Pemberian Air Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata). Sandalwood Journal Of Agribusiness And Agrotechnology, 1(1), 6–10.
Wijiyanti, P., Hastuti, D., Haryanti, S., Soedarto, J., & Semarang, T. (2019). Pengaruh Masa Inkubasi Pupuk dari Air Cucian Beras Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea L.). Buletin Anatomi Dan Fisiologi, 4(1), 21–28. https://doi.org/10.14710/BAF.4.1.2019.21-28
.png)
