The Role of Sustainable Agroecosystems as a Source of Raw Materials for Smart Biopackaging: A Systematic Literature Review
Abstrak
risis polusi plastik sekali pakai dan melimpahnya limbah pertanian yang tidak diolah merupakan tantangan lingkungan utama saat ini. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan potensi limbah agroekosistem sebagai sumber biomassa terbarukan, menyebarluaskan strategi modifikasi teknologi untuk meningkatkan karakteristik kemasan, dan memetakan dampaknya pada sistem pangan berkelanjutan. Melalui observasi literatur sistematis, pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif meneliti peran agroekosistem berkelanjutan sebagai penyedia bahan baku strategis dalam pengembangan kemasan bio cerdas. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa integrasi fungsi aktif (antimikroba dan antioksidan) dan fungsi cerdas (indikator kesegaran berdasarkan perubahan warna akibat pH) dapat memperpanjang umur simpan produk makanan sekaligus mengurangi kehilangan dan pemborosan makanan. Meskipun memiliki potensi signifikan untuk mempercepat transisi menuju ekonomi sirkular berbasis bio, implementasi kemasan bio cerdas dalam skala industri masih menghadapi tantangan teknis, seperti kualitas bahan baku yang tidak stabil, sifat mekanik dan penghalang yang lemah, dan stabilitas senyawa aktif alami yang rendah. Oleh karena itu, studi masa depan harus fokus pada standardisasi metode pengujian, optimalisasi teknologi material yang dimodifikasi, dan pengaturan keamanan pangan untuk memastikan keamanan produk.
Referensi
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