Effect of Core Muscle Strength Training on Physical Abilities and Performance of Curved Back Aerial Flip Skill Preceded By The Arab Jump on The Floor Exercise Mat For Juniors

Abstract

Objectives. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact of core muscle strength exercises on improving the technical performance of the back handspring (curved back aerial flip) in junior male artistic gymnasts. Specifically, the research aimed to address deficiencies in skill execution by enhancing specific physical abilities such as speed-strength, flexibility, and explosive power through targeted core strengthening exercises.

Materials and Methods. The study utilized an experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test model. The research population consisted of five junior male artistic gymnasts, aged between 11 and 13 years, who were registered and actively training at the Gymnastics Federation Training Center, Dhi Qar branch, under the Central Federation of Gymnastics during the 2024–2025 training season.All participants were selected as the research sample. The intervention included a series of core muscle strength exercises developed by the researcher. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to measure changes in core strength, speed-strength of the arms and legs, core flexibility, and the technical performance of the back handspring skill (preceded by a round-off on the floor).

Results. The results demonstrated statistically significant improvements in all tested physical abilities after the implementation of the core strength exercise program. These included enhancements in arm and leg speed-strength, core flexibility, and explosive power. Additionally, the technical execution of the back handspring showed marked improvement, with reduced performance deductions and better control and form during execution.

Conclusion. The study concluded that core muscle strength training plays a vital role in improving the technical performance of the back handspring skill in junior male gymnasts. The specially designed exercises contributed effectively to developing essential physical components required for successful skill execution. Therefore, it is recommended that gymnastics training programs incorporate core strengthening exercises tailored to the demands of the sport and the developmental level of the athletes.