Eye-Hand Coordination and Arm Muscle Power as Predictors of Tennis Serve Ability among Physical Education Students

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between eye-hand coordination and arm muscle power with tennis serve ability among students of the Faculty of Sports and Health Education, Universitas PGRI Pontianak.

Materials and Methods: This research used a quantitative correlational design. The participants were 28 students selected through purposive sampling. Eye-hand coordination was measured using the racket-wall bounce test, arm muscle power using the medicine ball overhead throw test, and tennis serve ability using the ITF Hewitt Tennis Skills Test. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality and linearity tests, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple correlation analysis.

Results: Eye-hand coordination had a significant positive relationship with tennis serve ability (r = 0.949 > r table = 0.347). Arm muscle power also showed a significant positive relationship with serve ability (r = 0.950 > r table = 0.347). Simultaneously, eye-hand coordination and arm muscle power were strongly related to tennis serve ability, as indicated by F change significance = 0.000 < 0.05 and R² = 0.979.

Conclusions: Eye-hand coordination and arm muscle power are important biomotor components associated with tennis serve performance. These findings suggest that tennis learning and training programs should integrate visual-motor coordination drills and explosive arm-power exercises to improve serve accuracy, consistency, and power.